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N6iii: Nothing is impossible
Reviews
"The N6iii is a competitively priced Android 12 DAP with two excellent, new and easy-to-swap, motherboards that offer very appealing sound signatures to suit a wide range of IEMs and headphones."
Cayin N6iii Review — Headfonics
"The Cayin R202 is perhaps the greatest motherboard the company has released to date. This is a clever combination of two legendary DAC types, allowing the user to switch between smooth and euphonic, or analog and natural sounding. "
Cayin R202 review — Headfonics
"Cayin again shows that it can create great DAPs, and the N6III is another example. The upgrades over the previous generation are massive, and Cayin managed to keep the footprint similar.
The modular design ensures future performance, as Cayin can release new and upgraded audio cards to increase the unit's performance as the new DAC chips and components come along. With its polished design, experience, and sound quality, the Cayin N6III has entered ours Best DAP Recommendations page, eliminating the Shanling M7."
Cayin N6III Review - Headfonia
"This DAP is distinguished not only by its modular design and compact size, but also by the design and performance of its modules. When a new module becomes available, it will be like a new DAP with completely new sound performance."
Cayin N6iii w/C201 and E203 – Twister6 Reviews
Overview
Just like the N6ii, the N6iii continues the innovative approach of using interchangeable audio motherboards, with each board optimized for the characteristics of the DAC and designed for maximum analog circuit performance.
The focus remains on showcasing diverse personalities and musical styles, rather than cramming all possible features into a "Swiss Army knife" player. At the beginning of the N6iii project, two key design goals were established. First, Cayin wanted to maintain the portability and ease of use of the N6ii despite the trend toward mega-DAPs.
Second, we received a lot of feedback from N6ii users requesting a tool-free quick-release system to easily swap audio motherboards. These two requirements posed significant challenges to the design and structure of the N6iii.
The N6iii features a 4.97-inch display, which is significantly larger than the 4.2-inch screen of the N6ii, but is still easily operable with one hand. To avoid adding bulk to the device, Cayin omitted any structural extensions to the casing, allowing the front panel to appear as a single, uninterrupted screen.
To minimize the width of the DAP, the playback buttons and volume control are located below the screen. The curved sides improve grip and ensure that the device fits comfortably in the hand, even with a slightly larger screen. This allows the N6iii to offer an excellent viewing and control experience while only minimally increasing its size. In this age of ever-larger DAPs, the N6iii retains its excellent portability.
Quick release
One of the most significant design breakthroughs of the N6iii is the development of a new quick-release mechanism for quickly swapping the audio motherboards. Fortunately, we faced a similar problem while developing the C9ii. In the video below, you can see how incredibly easy it is to swap the audio motherboards on the N6iii.
New antenna
The N6iii also features a unique antenna design. In earlier models, such as the N6ii, the antenna was integrated into the top rear of the device, offering relatively low signal gain to prevent interference. In newer models (N8ii, N7, N30LE), Cayin has installed an external loop antenna on the top of the device, providing high gain and interference-free audio circuitry for a better online streaming experience.
On the N6iii, due to strict size constraints, the antenna has been relocated to a semi-exposed area directly beneath the top cover of the N6iii DAP. While this placement results in slightly lower gain than the external antenna design used on the N7, N8ii, and N30LE, it offers a significant improvement over the previous N6ii without increasing the DAP length. It provides excellent streaming performance with minimal interference with analog audio processing.
Further upgrades
Five years after the N6ii, the N6iii brings major upgrades to its main processor, RAM, operating system, and numerous improvements to meet the growing demand for streaming services.
This brings us to the end of the N6iii's core design: details of what's applicable regardless of which audio motherboard you'll be using with the DAP. Now let's get to what makes each model unique: the audio motherboards.
R202 - Discrete Dual R2R/1-Bit DAC Motherboard
The new R202 motherboard for the Cayin N6III builds on the success of the legendary N6II-R01 and offers a sound that was previously only reserved for R2R flagship DAPs.
With dual R2-R/1-bit DAC, fully discrete architecture, and 3 sound modes, Cayin raises the bar even higher and offers truly incredible value for money!
Fully discrete, fully symmetrical dual DAC architecture
Contains 320 ultra-precise thin-film resistors with an accuracy of 0.1% (1/1000).
The discrete R-2R PCM DAC consists of 192 high-precision 0.1% thin-film resistors in a symmetrical 24-bit DAC configuration and supports native PCM decoding up to 384 kHz.
The discrete 1-bit DSD DAC consists of 128 high-precision 0.1% thin-film resistors in a symmetrical 1-bit DAC architecture and supports native DSD256 decoding.
Dual digital audio processor
Equipped with powerful algorithmic processing, the R202 supports decoding up to PCM 768 kHz and DSD512 with sample rate and format conversion.
Three decoding modes: Auto, R-2R and 1-bit
Auto mode – Intelligent format matching. In Auto mode, the system intelligently selects the optimal DAC architecture based on the source format—PCM signals are decoded by the R-2R DAC, while DSD signals are processed by the 1-bit DAC. This seamless switching ensures that every decoding occurs with maximum performance, delivering authentic, faithful sound reproduction that preserves the full character and nuances of the original recording.
R-2R mode: Delivers rich, smooth, and emotionally engaging sound with room-filling, relaxed reproduction.
1-bit mode: Provides a more natural reproduction of high harmonics with a clear soundstage and precise imaging.
Four-channel, fully balanced headphone amplifier
The amplifier section, based on a fully symmetrical DAC architecture, uses six OPA1612 and OPA1662 operational amplifiers to form a fully symmetrical differential signal chain. Four INA1620 operational amplifiers form the four-channel symmetrical headphone amplifier with two parallel internal channels per chip and four chip-symmetrical drives.
This enables full differential amplification of analog audio signals and ensures precise detail reproduction and exceptional dynamics.
Matrix-structured design for clean power supply
The headphone amplifier is powered by a powerful dual-polarity boost power supply based on the LT8582, which uses LC filtering to ensure an extremely clean power supply with ripple suppression in the microvolt range, thus significantly improving the dynamics under load fluctuations.
The DAC and operational amplifiers are powered by a matrix of TPS61087 and TPS61240 converters, followed by seven ultra-low-noise LDOs that independently power the digital, analog, and clock sections. This minimizes noise density and provides a robust foundation for high-resolution audio output.
Four-channel precise analog volume control
Uses the fully symmetrical volume control chip JRC NJW1195, which allows 256 levels of adjustment in 0.5 dB increments. Through rigorous parameter analysis and acoustic tuning, 100 core levels were carefully selected to ensure low distortion and excellent channel balance across the entire adjustment range—for pure sound quality with precise and efficient volume control.
Headphone output only: Pure and functional
Within the limited space of the circuit board, a dedicated audio circuit architecture was carefully optimized for direct load drive with fully symmetrical signal transmission and amplification.
The R202 features only a PO (Phone Out) output with no LO (Line Out) function – a design decision made to ensure the purity and focus of the audio output.
Battery life
| mode | 3.5mm SE | 4.4mm BAL |
| car | 15hrs | 15hrs |
| R-2R | 16hrs | 16hrs |
| 1-bit | 14hrs | 14hrs |
Technical details
C201 Audio Motherboard – Parallel Amplifier, Parallel Full Differential Matrix DAC
With the C201, Cayin used a Cirrus Logic DAC chip in a portable product for the first time. In the early 2000s, the CS4398 and PCM1792 DAC chips were predominant in the audio industry, and Cayin used them extensively in its early DAC and CD players.
The CS43198 chip contained in the C201 is no stranger to audiophiles, as it's a low-power, high-quality DAC developed by Cirrus Logic based on the CS4398. It's widely recognized and widely used in the audio industry.In the C201, Cayin uses eight CS43198 chips that form a “Parallel Full Differential Matrix DAC” design.
The core principle is that the digital audio processor (FPGA) in the N6iii main unit feeds each DAC individually with I²S signals. All DACs operate in MONO mode and output differential signals (L+, L-, R+, and R-). Four DACs form a group, and their outputs are connected in parallel to create a complete differential output channel.
The power supply and peripheral circuits for each DAC chip are fully discrete and symmetrical, ensuring extremely stable DAC performance.
This design ensures precise phase alignment for all DACs, while low-jitter synchronous clock technology minimizes distortion in the parallel DAC output, significantly improving sound density and overall audio performance.
High-precision cascade volume control
The C201 also features a unique cascade volume control system. It uses four passive Nisshinbo volume control chips (NJU72315) in a cascade configuration. We used four passive Nisshinbo volume control chips (NJU72315), with two chips connected in series to control each channel. When the first-stage volume control chip partially adjusts the volume (in 2 dB steps), the audio signal passes through the second volume control chip for further adjustment.
Each volume level is followed by a buffer circuit with independent operational amplifiers, significantly improving power handling and reducing distortion. The advantage is that the control range for each level is smaller and more precise, ensuring a smoother volume control process. This ensures that the left and right channels maintain constant signal levels across the entire volume range, resulting in a clearer, purer sound with improved transparency.
The Nisshinbo NJU volume control is a passive device and its low power consumption and low heat generation make it the ideal solution for DAP implementation.
Parallel amplifier for headphone amplification
The C201 uses four Texas Instruments OPA1622 chips, each configured in parallel to control the headphone load. Combined with the buffer circuits, this significantly improves control, withstands higher loads, and reduces output impedance. This circuit design pays homage to the headphone amplifier circuit of the classic N8 DAP.
C201 specifications
Let's start with an all-rounder
Rather than delving into technical details, let's summarize the key features of the N6iii with the C201 audio motherboard: 1. Long Battery Life: Despite its eight DACs, the CS43, the N6iii—equipped with a 9000 mAh battery—can achieve 12 hours of balanced PO output and over 14 hours of unbalanced PO output. 2. 3. 4.
Low heat generation
Our tests show that after more than three hours of continuous operation, the surface temperature only increased by about 7 degrees, thanks to the low power consumption of the DAC and the circuit design.
Powerful specifications
With its advanced DAC architecture, volume control, and circuit design, the N6iii delivers impressive performance.At the 4.4 mm balanced PO it achieves a dynamic range and a signal-to-noise ratio of 130 dB with a total harmonic distortion of 108 dB (0.0004%).
Comprehensive functionality
As the first audio motherboard for the N6iii, the C201 offers balanced performance and powerful features. In addition to the PO (headphone output), it also supports a fully independent LO (line output) for unbalanced and balanced connections, allowing users to easily connect external amplifiers.
For the record, our next audio motherboard will take a specialized approach. We'll aim to deliver ultimate performance in a compact form factor by focusing on one specific function at a time.
Sound characteristics
Let's now briefly describe the sonic characteristics of the N6iii equipped with the C201. The sound offers excellent transparency and layering with an ethereal, airy quality. At the same time, it delivers powerful energy in dynamic moments and offers tight, deep bass reproduction.
To emphasize again: Whether you focus on technical specifications or sound descriptions, the true value of a hi-fi product can only be fully appreciated through hands-on listening. The ear is the final judge.
E203 Audio Motherboard -
The further development of ESS SABRE technology
The E203 audio motherboard takes the N6iii platform to the next level by integrating the ESS ES9039SPro DAC chip, which delivers extremely high dynamic range, extremely low distortion, and pristine sound quality.
The E203 incorporates advanced features such as its own I/V converter circuit LPF and buffer stages that further enhance the performance of the ESS chip and refine its sonic signature.
In addition, the E203 features Dual Amplifier Operation (DAO) and offers three selectable modes: Class A, Class AB and Hyper Mode, giving users complete control over their listening experience, whether they prefer a smooth, classic sound or a more dynamic and energetic presentation.
E203 specifications
